110-joshua-gans.jpgSuppose you were reading the Wall Street Journal and up popped an article describing how one successful foreign company achieved substantial competitive advantages. That company’s secret? Its managers are hands-on to the extreme. They are detail oriented and believe their workers can achieve challenging goals quickly, provided managers stay on their backs. These managers are constantly looking over their shoulders and demanding progress. If their employees are on track, all is fine. But fall short and they are shouted at, in front of peers, until they’re performing according to expectations. The managers defend their tactics. “We believe in our employees. We believe they can be the best. We just have to be vigilant to ensure they do so.”